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KMID : 0191120230380240197
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
2023 Volume.38 No. 24 p.197 ~ p.197
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Current Status of Q Fever and the Challenge of Outbreak Preparedness in Korea: One Health Approach to Zoonoses
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Kim Yae-Ni
Park Ji-Hyuk
Kim Jong-Wan
Lee Jin-Ju
Youn So-Youn
Byeon Hyeon-Seop
Jeong Hye-Won
Kim Dong-Min
Yu Shi-Nae
Yoon Jang-Won
Kwak Dong-Mi
Yoo Han-Sang
Lee Ji-Yeon
Kwon Jeong-Ran
Hwang Kyung-Won
Heo Jung-Yeon
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Abstract
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Human Q fever, a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, presents with diverse clinical manifestations ranging from mild self-limited febrile illnesses to life-threatening complications such as endocarditis or vascular infection. Although acute Q fever is a benign illness with a low mortality rate, a large-scale outbreak of Q fever in the Netherlands led to concerns about the possibility of blood transfusion-related transmission or obstetric complications in pregnant women. Furthermore, a small minority (< 5%) of patients with asymptomatic or symptomatic infection progress to chronic Q fever. Chronic Q fever is fatal in 5?50% of patients if left untreated. In South Korea, Q fever in humans was designated as a notifiable infectious disease in 2006, and the number of Q fever cases has increased sharply since 2015. Nonetheless, it is still considered a neglected and under-recognized infectious disease. In this review, recent trends of human and animal Q fever in South Korea, and public health concerns regarding Q fever outbreaks are reviewed, and we consider how a One Health approach could be applied as a preventive measure to prepare for zoonotic Q fever outbreaks.
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KEYWORD
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Q Fever, Coxiella burnetii, Zoonoses, One Health
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